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This study examines the relationship between GPA scores and delinquency. This study tests several major theories of delinquency. According to strain theory, a low GPA score has an effect on delinquency directly or indirectly through negative emotions. However, according to social control and general theory, the relationship between GPA scores and delinquency is spurious and social bonding variables or low self-control have important effects on both GPA and delinquency. According to differential association/social learning theory, GPA score has an indirect effect on delinquency through association with delinquent peers. In addition, according to labeling theory, its effect is also indirect through the negative labeling process. Using data from the Korean Youth Panel Survey, this study tests several hypotheses. Results show that GPA scores have a direct effect on delinquency and the effect of GPA scores on delinquency is also indirect through association with delinquency and the perceived labeling. The results indicate that those who have low social bonds and self-control have lower GPA scores and are more likely to engage in delinquency by associating with delinquent peers or being on the receiving end of negative labeling. These findings are inconsistent with both social control and general theory, but support differential association/social learning and labeling theory. The policy implications of these results are also discussed.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of gender and physical activity on the academic achievement and academic motive. 2019 Panel Study on Korean Children published was used for the analysis, and the subjects of the study were 1,412 children aged 11 years. By using SPSS 20.0 statistics program with dummy variable complex sample multiple regression, following results were deduced. First, girls showed higher level of academic performance than boys, boys showed higher level of academic motive overall. Therefore, specialized education program is needed for girls to increase the academic motive and for boys to increase the learning skill. Second, student participating in physical activity showed higher level of academic performance and academic motive than student who does not participate in physical activity. Based on the results, the importance of physical education in school education curriculum and sport vitalization policy for school age children are required to be emphasized.
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In order to examine the effects of the Meister school programs on students¡¯ academicself-efficacy, self-directed learning attitude, and school satisfaction, this study compared the growthof outcome variables for three years among students from three different school types Meister,vocational, and general high schools. Samples include 853 Meister students, 854 general high schoolstudents, and 864 vocational students from across the nation. Multi-level modelling was conductedto find the effects of the Meister school programs on outcome variables. The study found nodifference on academic self-efficacy between Meister and general high school students in 2010 whenMeister schools were established. However, the growth of academic self-efficacy of the Meisterstudents was greater than that of general high school students during the period 2010-2012. Thesame holds true for school satisfaction. Meister students had a higher level of self-directed learningattitude compared to two comparison groups, but there were no differences on the growth ofself-directed learning attitude among three groups.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of instruction using movies on the attitude toward science and learning achievements in Elementary Students. For this study, it was chosen two classes of the fifth grades in H elementary school in Gyeonggi province. One class was an experiment group and the other class was a control group. Instruction using movies was applied to the experimental group and instruction using data of site T-nara that most teachers are using usually present was applied to the control group. Instruction using movies composed of seven steps was administered during the school hours. The results of this study were as follows. First, instruction using movies was positive effect in the Attitude toward Science. Second, there was significance between the score of the learning achievements of the experimental group and control group by instruction using movies. Third, there were many positive reactions of students about instruction using movies.
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The primary purpose of this study is to examine the relation between academic performance of college students and score of biodata inventory that consists of Owen`s Biographical Questionnaire(1976) and the biographical questionnaire for prediction of job performance developed by Lee(2001). The second purpose is to verify the stability of validity when the same biodata items and item weighting system were applied to freshmen after one year. Eight hundred sixty seven cases were used in the item analyses and validation study and 865 cases were used in cross-validation study. Based upon the relationship of biographical items and academic performance, 26 items among 86 biographical items were selected. The validity of empirically keyed biodata(WAB weighting system) was .59, which was higher than the validity of the National Academic Aptitude Test and the high school records. When weight yielded from this was applied to 865 freshmen(cross-validation group) after one year, the biodata was considerably stable in validity and had higher validity than other selection tools.
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This study explained missing mechanisms and various missing data methods. Based on definition by Little(1982) and Rubin(1987), three types of longitudinal missing data sets (i.e., MCAR, MAR, and MNAR) were generated, and the effects of missing techniques were examined within latent growth modeling structure. The results indicated that ML and Bayesian type MI methods showed the best performance. They yielded the least bias parameter estimates and provided relatively stable model fit statistics across missing mechanisms. In the cases of latent class modelings for MNAR, Muthén-Roy pattern mixture model yielded the best fit statistics. While considering the limitations of the study, advantages and weaknesses of missing methods were discussed. Also, it dealt with other practical issues pertaining to these missing data models.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods on achievement in WBI and to look about the influence of self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods on learning achievement. Self-regulated learning strategy is ability to use cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies and self-control strategies to prepare, regulate and control the process of study and study itself, which learner need during active participation in his/her own study. Self-regulated learning strategy is expected to play an important role in studying in WBI learning system which learner has to continuously evaluate his/her study and make instructional decisions. The research questions of this study were proposed as follows; 1. Is there a significant difference in achievement between higher level self-regulated learning group and lower level self-regulated learning group? 2. Is there a significant difference in achievement between inquisitory presentation method and expository presentation method ? 3. Is there an interaction effect in achievement between self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods ? To answer this questions, experimental tools which were self-regulated learning strategies measurement questionaire, pretest, posttest, inquisitory presentation program and expository presentation program were developed and presented to the subjects who were 191 1st grade of ¡®W¡¯high school in Bu-chon. Subjects were divided into two groups, accdording to self-regulated learning strategies level. Each group was presented two WBI programs which were inquisitory presentation program and expository presentation program. The data was collected and analyzed with t-test, F-test, and ANOVA. Results of the study were summarized as follows; 1. There was a significant difference in achievement between higher level self-regulated learning group and lower level self-regulated learning group(t=4.88, p<.001). 2. There was a significant difference in achievement between inquisitory presentation method and expository presentation method(t=5.10, p<.001). 3. Although we acknowledge the meaningful effect of self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods on learning achievement, there was not found a significant difference in achievement between self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods (F=.348, p>.05). In conclusion, this study shows that self-regulated learning strategies and presentation methods in WBI are primary variables on achievement. Therefore we should offer teaching - learning environment including strategies to promote the level of self-regulated learning in WBI enables lower level self-regulated learning group to use self-regulated learning strategies actively. Judging from the result that learning achievement of inquisitory presentation is better than that of expository presentation method, we recognize that teaching - learning environment should be learner-centered and learning material could be arranged not by one-side presentation of teacher but by active participation of learners.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of instruction using movies on the attitude toward science and learning achievements in Elementary Students. For this study, it was chosen two classes of the fifth grades in H elementary school in Gyeonggi province. One class was an experiment group and the other class was a control group. Instruction using movies was applied to the experimental group and instruction using data of site T-nara that most teachers are using usually present was applied to the control group. Instruction using movies composed of seven steps was administered during the school hours. The results of this study were as follows. First, instruction using movies was positive effect in the Attitude toward Science. Second, there was significance between the score of the learning achievements of the experimental group and control group by instruction using movies. Third, there were many positive reactions of students about instruction using movies.
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