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A couple of cases introduced in the opening of this article deal with illegality defence in case of contract to pursue the prohibited purpose by diverse acts. That cases declare that illegality of Art. 746 of Korean civil code have the same meaning as public order of Art. 103. I insisted that this statement emphasized by court be abolished. The meaning of illegality of Art. 746 in case of contract against acts should be decided under extension of criteria to judge if paragraphs of acts prohibiting certain contracts are compulsory or not. The first standard of this judgement is if the economic interest of trade should be revert to the claimant. In the context of illegality it means to endure unjust reversion for achievement of legislation reason. So we must apply a stricter standard for unjust movement of property. Besides the exceptional degrees of unmorality and consideration for safety of trade will be criteria.Even though through this criteria reversion of goods will be decided, the unjust enrichment knows permission of return or not, that is choice of ¡®all or nothing¡¯. So in case of illegality defense the claims based on torts have to be accepted generously to get a flexible results.Finally for the grounds of illegal defense I suggested new perspectives. The one who performed based on illegal contract can be regarded as bearer of risk. And the court can take a stance of ¡®status quo¡¯ if it regards unclear the condition of justice to be recovered.

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A couple of cases introduced in the opening of this article deal with illegality defence in case of contract to pursue the prohibited purpose by diverse acts. That cases declare that illegality of Art. 746 of Korean civil code have the same meaning as public order of Art. 103. I insisted that this statement emphasized by court be abolished. The meaning of illegality of Art. 746 in case of contract against acts should be decided under extension of criteria to judge if paragraphs of acts prohibiting certain contracts are compulsory or not. The first standard of this judgement is if the economic interest of trade should be revert to the claimant. In the context of illegality it means to endure unjust reversion for achievement of legislation reason. So we must apply a stricter standard for unjust movement of property. Besides the exceptional degrees of unmorality and consideration for safety of trade will be criteria.Even though through this criteria reversion of goods will be decided, the unjust enrichment knows permission of return or not, that is choice of ¡®all or nothing¡¯. So in case of illegality defense the claims based on torts have to be accepted generously to get a flexible results.Finally for the grounds of illegal defense I suggested new perspectives. The one who performed based on illegal contract can be regarded as bearer of risk. And the court can take a stance of ¡®status quo¡¯ if it regards unclear the condition of justice to be recovered.

[±¹³»³í¹®]

This Research aims to review on the adjustment of overlapped payment of benefits(duplicated benefits) in National Pension Act. Social insurance in Korea takes separating system which different social insurances protect partitively about various social risks. In countries that take social insurance of separating system, it might encounter to duplicated benefits problems by its nature and Korea is no exception.Duplicated benefits means that one person has two or more social insurance benefits in social insurance system. In case of national pension, since one system protect risks about old-age, disablement, death, the occurrence of duplicated benefits is inevitable.National pension in Korea has been forced for nearly thirty years, it get into mature system. And social insurance of married couple is general due to the increase in dual-career couples. Also divorce rate is increasing. Because of these, it is expected that the occurrence of duplicated benefits will rapidly increase. Nevertheless, the current provisions about adjustment of overlapped payment of benefits of national pension are required to modify because it poses the following problems.First, National Pension Act ¡×65 which is the provision for adjustment of overlapped payment of benefits in relation to divided pension give rise to problem of interpretation. Especially legal competence is unclear between ¡×65 and ¡×56 which is the general provision of adjustment of overlapped payment of benefits. Therefore, legislative improvement is needed.Second, duplication of nation pension benefits has a variety of types, but provisions for coordination are very simple and monolithic. So a lot of coordination depend on guideline. Therefore, essential and important parts about substance and level of benefit of guideline need to be enacted within the limits of the possible.Third, ¡®his/her choice¡¯ as adjustment of duplicated benefits has a part that is unfit purpose of social insurance. Because of that, We need to find alternative measures. It is established without reasonable evidence to level of coordination. Unificative reduction concerning one benefit of duplicated pensions has limit that level of benefit is not unfit. Therefore, These problems need to be reformed.

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The legislators of Korea's Civil Act brought many of its articles straight from the Japanese Civil Code without sufficient deliberation. One example is Article 746 regarding 'Performance for Illegal Cause'. Due to the absenceof sufficient deliberation, Article 746 contains various problems which led to the Supreme Court having to accept the 'comparison of illegality theory'. However, not only does such theory contain various problems in nature, but the Supreme Court's interpretation of Article 746 contradicts the 'separation of powers doctrine'. Thus one of the reasons for the Supreme Court's acceptance of this theory seems to be because Article 746's intention is unclear. Therefore, in order to ultimately overcome this, the National Assembly must 'find' or 'decide' its intention through sufficient deliberation and make legislative improvements considering the various problems. This study analyzes the various problems faced by the Supreme Court's acceptance of the 'comparison of illegality theory' and then presents improvement measures that need to be implemented by the National Assembly as soon as possible.

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The legislative purpose of National Health Insurance is to promote national health and improve the social security by providing necessary health insurance claim for disease, injury, birth,and death, etc.In accordance with provisions of paragraph 1, Article 53 of the National Health Insurance Act, when a person who is eligible to receive health insurance claim falls under one of the following subparagraph,the National Health Insurance Public Corporation shall not provide any insurance benefit: 1. When he has intentionally or through gross negligence caused a criminal act or intentionally contributed to the occurrence of an accident. According to this provisions, how to interpret and apply them, it may cause some problems related with insurance benefit which will be paid or not.This thesis will take a look at problems what have regarding the limited-payment health insurance claim in the National Health Insurance Act. A rapidly the aged, growing industrialization in modern society, longer life expectancy and various social risk are increasing the demand for insurance care as a remedy. The legislative purpose of National Health Insurance Act is to provide fundamental medical care service with low cost to national as much as possible. The National Health Insurance Act will preserve national health and property as protect social risk with National Health Insurance. But this is against both the legislative intention and legislative purpose which is the object of the country as insurer to promote national health and happy life in the National Health Insurance Act.

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Our government, labor union and management group have discussed when to enforce Trade union and labor relations adjustment act(hereinafter referred to labor union law) article 24(2) and article 81 subparagraph 4 which is presently enacted but delayed in the time of the enforcement. Trade union and labor relations adjustment act article 24(2) provides that Those who are engaged in duties only for trade unions in accordance with paragraph (1), which stipulates that If stipulated in a collective bargaining agreement or consented by employers, a worker may perform duties only for a trade union, without providing work specified in his/her employment contract, shall not be paid in any way by employers for the duration of their tenure. This article including article 81 subparagraph 4 which stipulates that no employer shall commit an act that dominate or interfere with the formation or operation of a trade union by workers and wage payment for full-time officials of a trade union or financial support for the operation of a trade union has been in the middle of intensive conflict between employer and labor union. This article is not effective until January 1st 2010 by addendum 1. Also the labor union law article 90 stipulates that A person who violates the provisions of Article 81 shall be punished by imprisonment up to two years, or by a fine up to twenty million won. The full time labor officers have received financial support from employer for long time in industry sector based on collective bargaining. Also the custom that full time labor officer receives salary from employer is very foreign case. The legislative branch made the law article 24(2) and article 81 subparagraph 4 so that it may develop labor reality and make maintain independence of labor union from management group. But the legislative system which prohibits full time union officer to receive salary from employer is very rare compared with other advanced country. Labor union group want to abolish article 24(2) and article81 subparagraph4 and continue to keep current practice which allow full time officer to receive salary from management group which is opposition to labor union. This paper did not deal with the labor policy matter surrounding these law but reviewed the constitutionality of this law based on constitutional case holding due process of law, separation of power or the principle of the void -for- vagueness in statute. Also this paper mentioned US National Labor Relations Act to compare our labor law with US labor law. After study I reached a conclusion that the article 24(2) must be discarded because it does not have any legal power and only cause trouble in industry sector and article 90 also must be abolished by the constitutional principle such as due process of law which demands only that a law shall not be unreasonable, arbitrary, or capricious, and that the means selected shall have a reasonable and substantial relation to object sought to be obtained and article 81 subparagraph must be revised as erasing the part ' employer give salary full time labor officer'.

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This study aims to review and estimate the provision of unemployment benefits from Teachers¡¯ Pension for retired faculty members who have been forced out of schools. The main findings are as follows. First, under the current Teachers¡¯ Pension Act, the age of the commencement of pension payment is 65 years old, but problems arise due to the regulation of providing retirement pension after 0 to 5 years of retirement due to abolition of a school. Second, it is not appropriate to include closed schools as disasters in Teachers¡¯ Pension, and it is suitable to include them in Employment Insurance, but if it is difficult to implement it in a short period of time, it may then be considered to use Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund to provide unemployment benefits. In addition, the results of financial estimate are as follows: First, estimates of the expected pension benefits of the current pensioners from the closing of schools as of 2018 accumulating by 2050 show a plan to provide unemployment benefits using Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund has been found to have an advantage over the current plan to pay pension upon retirement. Second, estimates of the expected pension benefits of current and future recipients accumulating by 2028 show a plan to provide unemployment benefits using Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund will have an advantage over the current plan.

[±¹³»³í¹®]

The legislators of Korea's Civil Act brought many of its articles straight from the Japanese Civil Code without sufficient deliberation. One example is Article 746 regarding 'Performance for Illegal Cause'. Due to the absenceof sufficient deliberation, Article 746 contains various problems which led to the Supreme Court having to accept the 'comparison of illegality theory'. However, not only does such theory contain various problems in nature, but the Supreme Court's interpretation of Article 746 contradicts the 'separation of powers doctrine'. Thus one of the reasons for the Supreme Court's acceptance of this theory seems to be because Article 746's intention is unclear. Therefore, in order to ultimately overcome this, the National Assembly must 'find' or 'decide' its intention through sufficient deliberation and make legislative improvements considering the various problems. This study analyzes the various problems faced by the Supreme Court's acceptance of the 'comparison of illegality theory' and then presents improvement measures that need to be implemented by the National Assembly as soon as possible.

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The legislative purpose of National Health Insurance is to promote national health and improve the social security by providing necessary health insurance claim for disease, injury, birth,and death, etc.In accordance with provisions of paragraph 1, Article 53 of the National Health Insurance Act, when a person who is eligible to receive health insurance claim falls under one of the following subparagraph,the National Health Insurance Public Corporation shall not provide any insurance benefit: 1. When he has intentionally or through gross negligence caused a criminal act or intentionally contributed to the occurrence of an accident. According to this provisions, how to interpret and apply them, it may cause some problems related with insurance benefit which will be paid or not.This thesis will take a look at problems what have regarding the limited-payment health insurance claim in the National Health Insurance Act. A rapidly the aged, growing industrialization in modern society, longer life expectancy and various social risk are increasing the demand for insurance care as a remedy. The legislative purpose of National Health Insurance Act is to provide fundamental medical care service with low cost to national as much as possible. The National Health Insurance Act will preserve national health and property as protect social risk with National Health Insurance. But this is against both the legislative intention and legislative purpose which is the object of the country as insurer to promote national health and happy life in the National Health Insurance Act.

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This study aims to review and estimate the provision of unemployment benefits from Teachers¡¯ Pension for retired faculty members who have been forced out of schools. The main findings are as follows. First, under the current Teachers¡¯ Pension Act, the age of the commencement of pension payment is 65 years old, but problems arise due to the regulation of providing retirement pension after 0 to 5 years of retirement due to abolition of a school. Second, it is not appropriate to include closed schools as disasters in Teachers¡¯ Pension, and it is suitable to include them in Employment Insurance, but if it is difficult to implement it in a short period of time, it may then be considered to use Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund to provide unemployment benefits. In addition, the results of financial estimate are as follows: First, estimates of the expected pension benefits of the current pensioners from the closing of schools as of 2018 accumulating by 2050 show a plan to provide unemployment benefits using Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund has been found to have an advantage over the current plan to pay pension upon retirement. Second, estimates of the expected pension benefits of current and future recipients accumulating by 2028 show a plan to provide unemployment benefits using Teachers¡¯ Pension Fund will have an advantage over the current plan.

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