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0°ÇÀÇ Èı⺸±âPsychology- History & method ¿µ¹® º¸°í¼¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±â¼úÇÑ ¸®Æ÷Æ® Âü°íÀÚ·áÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
psychology
-history & method
psychology¡¯s roots psych (soul) logy (study)
psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.
vs nature nurture plato : nativism
¡° certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn ¡°
aristotle : philosophical empiricism
¡° all knowledge is acquired through experience¡±
mind & body ? vs rene decartes (xxxx.xx.xx) ¡° body and mind are fundamentally different things¡±
dualism!
thomas hobbes(xxxx.xx.xx) ¡° the mind is what the brain does.¡± pinching ¡æ pain,
how?
mind & body ? franz joseph gall (xxxx.xx.xx)
phrenology-¡° different parts of the brain are specialized for specific psychological functions turned out to be right.¡°
conducting experiments pierre flourens(xxxx.xx.xx)
surgically removing specific parts of the brain
¡é different actions & movements paul broca(xxx-xxx)
studied a patient with a damage to a part of the
left side of the brain.
wundt & structuralism wilhelm wundt (xxx-xxx) the beginning of psychology as a science scientific psychology should focus on analyzing consciousness (the mind) : structuralism introspection :
the subjective observation of one¡¯s own experience
wundt opened the first laboratorythe official birth of psychology as an independent field of study
james & functionalism william james (xxx-xxx) the functions of consciousness
the study of the purpose mental process serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment
: functionalism
applying darwin¡¯s theory of natural selection
natural environment > in the laboratory ¡é follower : stanley hall kinds of psychology humanistic psychology psychology behaviorism cognitive psychology social psychology evolutionary psychology cultural psychology clinical psychology freud & clinical psychology sigmund freud (xxx-xxx)
working with hysteric patients (painful childhood experience)
focus on ¡° unconscious ¡±
: outside of conscious awareness but influences conscious (ÀÌÇÏ »ý·«)
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